Checked vs Unchecked Exceptions in Java — A Deep Dive

Sun, 08 Feb 2026 19:00:00 +0200

Every Java developer hits exceptions early. But the difference between checked and unchecked exceptions — and when to use which — trips people up for years. This post goes deep.

The Exception Hierarchy
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Everything starts from Throwable:

Throwable
├── Error (unchecked — don't catch these)
│ ├── OutOfMemoryError
│ ├── StackOverflowError
│ └── ...
└── Exception (checked — must handle or declare)
 ├── IOException
 ├── SQLException
 ├── ...
 └── RuntimeException (unchecked — optional to handle)
 ├── NullPointerException
 ├── IllegalArgumentException
 ├── ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
 └── ...

The rule is simple:

Running Java 25 Locally on Windows — The Full Setup

Sun, 08 Feb 2026 18:00:00 +0200

Java 25 is here, and if you’re on Windows you have a few options for getting it running locally. This post walks through the full setup — from downloading the JDK to running your first program in the console.

Option 1: Download the JDK Directly
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I’d recommend sticking with open-source JDK distributions. Here are the main options:

Java From Scratch on Errors

Checked vs Unchecked Exceptions in Java — A Deep Dive

The Exception Hierarchy #

Running Java 25 Locally on Windows — The Full Setup

Option 1: Download the JDK Directly #

The Exception Hierarchy
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Option 1: Download the JDK Directly
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